การดูดซับสีย้อมรีแอกทีฟบลู 19 ด้วยถ่านจากผักตบชวา
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Abstract
Watinee Chanmee, Hatairat Sukpreabprom, Tippavan Hongkachern and Kedsarin Meemon
รับบทความ: 18 พฤษภาคม 2568; แก้ไขบทความ: 17 กันยายน 2568; ยอมรับตีพิมพ์: 25 กันยายน 2568; Abstract online: 27 กันยายน 2568
บทคัดย่อ
การดูดซับเป็นวิธีที่นิยมใช้ในการบำบัดน้ำเสียที่ปนเปื้อนสีย้อมจากอุตสาหกรรมสิ่งทอ เนื่อง-จากทำได้ง่ายและมีประสิทธิภาพ งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาความสามารถในการดูดซับสีย้อมรีแอคทีฟบลู 19 ด้วยถ่านที่เตรียมจากผักตบชวา โดยศึกษาภาวะที่เหมาะสมในการดูดซับ ได้แก่ ปริมาณของตัวดูดซับ เวลาในการดูดซับ และค่าความเป็นกรด–เบส (pH) ของสีย้อม ทำการทดลองแบบแบตช์และวัดค่าการดูดกลืนแสงของสีย้อมด้วยเทคนิค UV-Vis spectrophotometry จากผลการศึกษาพบว่า ปริมาณตัวดูดซับที่เหมาะสมคือ 0.25 กรัม เวลาในการดูดซับที่เหมาะสมคือ 120 นาที ค่าความเป็นกรด–เบสของสีย้อมที่ดูดซับได้ดีที่สุดเท่ากับ 10 นอกจากนี้ยังศึกษาไอโซเทอมของการดูดซับพบว่าไอโซเทอมของการดูดซับสีย้อมนี้สอดคล้องกับไอโซเทอมแบบแลงเมียร์ โดยมีค่าสัมประสิทธิ์สหสัมพันธ์ (R2) เท่ากับ 0.9921 แสดงว่าเป็นการดูดซับชั้นเดียวบนพื้นผิวที่เป็นเนื้อเดียวกัน จากการศึกษาจลนศาสตร์การดูดซับพบว่าสอดคล้องกับแบบจำลองสมการปฏิกิริยาอันดับสองเทียม (pseudo–second order) โดยมีค่าสัมประสิทธิ์สหสัมพันธ์ (R2) เท่ากับ 0.9990 แสดงให้เห็นว่าเป็นการดูดซับทางเคมี และถ่านจากผักตบชวามีความสามารถในการกำจัดสีย้อมรีแอกทีฟบลู 19 ซึ่งมีความเป็นไปได้ที่จะประยุกต์ใช้วัสดุนี้ในการกำจัดสีย้อมในน้ำทิ้งจากโรงงานฟอกย้อมสี จะช่วยลดปัญหามลภาวะทางสิ่งแวดล้อม และยังเป็นการนำวัสดุเหลือใช้ประจำท้องถิ่นมาใช้ประโยชน์อย่างคุ้มค่าด้วย
คำสำคัญ: การดูดซับ สีย้อมรีแอคทีฟบลู 19 ถ่าน ผักตบชวา
Abstract
Adsorption is a widely employed method for the treatment of dye–contaminated waste-water from textile industries due to its operational simplicity and high efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the adsorption performance of charcoal prepared from water hyacinth for the removal of reactive blue 19 dye. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the optimal conditions, including adsorbent dosage, contact time, and pH. Dye concentrations were measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results showed that the optimal adsorbent dosage was 0.25 g, the optimal contact time was 120 min, and the most favorable pH for dye removal was 10. Adsorption isotherm analysis indicated that the experimental data were best fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model, with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9921, suggesting monolayer adsorption on a homogeneous surface. The adsorption kinetics were well described by the pseudo–second order model, with R2 value of 0.9990, indicating that chemisorption was the dominant mechanism. The findings confirm that water hyacinth–derived charcoal is a promising and low–cost adsorbent for the effective removal of reactive blue 19 dye from aqueous solutions. Its application in treating dye–laden effluents from textile industries could provide a sustainable and eco–friendly approach to wastewater management while adding value to local biomass waste.
Keywords: Adsorption, Reactive blue 19 dye, Charcoal, Water hyacinth
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